MEANING ~더~ Retrospective suffix (ex: ~던데: ~더+ (으)ㄴ/는데 refuting with the recalled memories)+ ~(으)ㄴ Noun-modifying form (verb past / adjective present or past)= ~던: describing a noun with recalling and reminiscing memories about it CONJUGATION Past tense suffix ~았/었~ + 던: = same usage as the regular past tense noun-modifying form ~(으)ㄴ= extra nuance of…
~(으)ㄴ/는 것(거) the act of ~ingthe fact that…= the most neutral way to nominalize Korean verbs without a specific meaning or constraintTechnically, this is a noun-modifying form, not nominalization. However, it’s used the most frequently. USAGE: Hobby, habit, general tendency, preference CONJUGATION VERB ~는 것(거) 저는 먹는 거 좋아해요. I like eating.저는 수영하는 거 좋아해요….
Verbs/adjectives have specific conjugation when they come before nouns to describe the noun. Often, you see the noun-modifying forms with 거(것): thing, the fact that…, the act of~. This is the most commonly used way of nominalization: changing verbs to nouns. Used for hobby, habit, preference, dream, wish, resolution, etc. = ~ing Verbs before nouns…
동사, 형용사: VERB, ADJECTIVE Dictionary Stem Dictionary Ending 다 Dictionary Stem 거나 VERB 1~거나 VERB 2ADJ 1~거나 ADJ 2 Verbs and adjectives conjugate the same. There are no irregular conjugation rules. Watch a video lesson here!먹다 to eat 먹거나보다 to watch, see 보거나예쁘다 to be pretty 예쁘거나덥다 to be hot (weather) 덥거나 EXAMPLES 주말에는 보통…
~(으)ㄴ/는데 + suggestion, request MEANING Remember ~(으)ㄴ데/는데 has the same meaning as 그런데: but, however? 친구: 쇼핑 갈래? Would you like to go shopping? 나: 어… 나 바쁜데… Uh… I’m busy, though… 👉 After rejecting with a reason~(으)ㄴ/는데, people usually suggest an alternative: 나 바쁜데… 토요일은 어때? I’m busy, but how…
It can also be used at the end of the sentence, not in the middle of a sentence as a connective ending. When it comes at the end of the sentence, it serves multiple purposes and meanings. Watch the part 1 first: INT 4 | “But” ~(으)ㄴ데/는데 Part 1 1. Disagreeing A: 아무 일도 없어요….
MEANING Shows the speaker’s intention: plans, goals, objectives CONJUGATION C+으려고먹다 to eat : 먹으려고있다 to exist, stay : 있으려고 V+려고하다 to do : 하려고배우다 to learn: 배우려고 Irregular: ㄹ+려고살다 to live: 살려고돈을 벌다 to earn money: 돈을 벌려고 Irregular: ㄷ+으려고 = ㄹ+으려고 (not all the verbs, mostly the following two)듣다 to listen, to hear: 들으려고걷다…
MEANING As a question: asking the listener’s intention and desire “Would you like to…?” “Do you want to…?” As an answer: expressing the speaker’s intention and desire “I would like to…” “I want to…” As an independent statement: insisting the speaker’s intention and desire (sounds strong) “I insist to…!” / “Let me…!” TIP: ~(으)ㄹ래 as…
MEANING Always a question: ~까 is a question ending Asks the listener’s opinion: you can ask yourself too! “Do you think…? “What/who/when… do you think?” Shall we…? Shall I…? CONJUGATION Look at the end of a verb or adjective stem before the dictionary ending ~다. If it ends with: Consonant ~을까? [polite: 을까요?]먹다 to eat…
~네 is used to give an immediate reaction to what the speaker is seeing, hearing, tasting, and feeling.
